And Now, a Proofreading Scam
IBIMA Publishing: How NOT to Run a Business
Plagiarism in the “Journal of Sports Medicine & Doping Studies”
Swiss Journals
International Prank Involving Predatory Publishers Makes Headlines in Indonesia
Two Print Journals Completely Hijacked by Online Hoodlums
The Maryland Institute of Research, From Bangladesh
OA Publisher Gratuitously Uses Other Groups’ Logos to Feign Legitimacy
A Journal That Has Everything Wrong with It
Shirley, You Jest
Copying Elsevier
Science Target: Targeting Your Author Fees
Open-Access Publishing Pyramid Scheme
Exposing Sketchy Faculty Publications: The Dirty Western
Predatory Publishers are Abusing the ISO Logo
The latest trend among some predatory publishers is to display the ISO (International Standards Organization) logo on their websites. They do this to make themselves look legitimate. I don’t think any of them are using the logo appropriately, and I think the ones that state they have an ISO certification are lying.
Some just add the ISO logo to their websites, but I’ve seen a number of predatory journals that claim to be ISO 9001:2008 certified, some without using the logo.
According to Wikipedia,
The ISO 9000 family of standards is related to quality management systems and designed to help organizations ensure that they meet the needs of customers and other stakeholder
According to the ISO’s website:
The ISO logo is a registered trademark. Unless authorized by ISO, use of its logo is prohibited. Notably, ISO will not allow its logo to be used in connection with conformity assessment activities. These include the certification of management systems, products, services, materials or personnel, even when these certifications attest conformity to an ISO standard, such as one of the ISO 9000 or ISO 14000 series. Examples of unacceptable use of the ISO logo would include use on products, in publications, on Internet sites, in marketing materials, advertisements and company letterheads.
I think this (the quote above) makes it pretty clear that using the logo is a trademark violation.
All the journals I’ve observed that use the ISO logo gratuitously or that falsely claim ISO certification are from India.
Lambert Academic Publishing: A Must to Avoid
I receive many emails from all over the world complaining about LAP Lambert Academic Publishing GmbH & Co. KG. (This publisher is so bad, I will not even provide a link to them).
I don’t list them on my blog because they are not an open-access publisher. Instead, they spam recent graduates and junior faculty and entice them to sign over the rights to their dissertations and theses, which Lambert then advertises on Amazon and elsewhere and prints them on demand.
In fact, the company has a gaggle of “acquisition editors” who search the web all day and night and then send spam emails to their unlucky targets who have recently completed a dissertation.
LAP is an imprint of VDM Publishing, which is headquartered in Saarbrücken, Germany. The Wikipedia article about VDM Publishing provides a good description of the company’s questionable practices.
I won’t do a full analysis here because that’s already been done quite well by other bloggers.
Perhaps the best description and analysis of Lambert Academic Publishing is the one written by Christopher Collins of Toronto, Ontario in his blog. He concludes “Steer clear of this company,” and I agree.
Recommendation: Do not do any business with Lambert Academic Publishing.
ISP Boots Predatory Publisher for Spamming
Nigeria-based International Research Journals is being cut off by its United States-based Internet service provider for spamming, a violation of the provider’s terms of service. The publisher’s old domain name was http://interesjournals.org. The new domain name is http://interesjournal.org, but it is unclear who the publisher’s new ISP is. At this time, both domains are active, as the old ISP gives the company time to transfer its files.
The company that expelled International Research Journals appears to be IXwebhosting, based in Columbus, Ohio.
This information comes via an email that the publisher sent to one of its authors, who then forwarded the email to me.
In the email, the publisher blames competitors in the U.S. and Canada, who he says had enough influence with the ISP to get them to cut off International Research Journals. He claims this was done to dampen competition.
Here is the letter the publisher is sending out to its authors:
Dear [deleted]
Thanks for the submission of paper(s) to our journal (Educational Research, ER).
I want to inform you that we are having a downtime in our site: interesjournals.org. The reason is that our webhost are a small hosting company based in the USA. They are about to be blacklisted because of complaints of mails coming out of our mailboxes. These complaints are from some group of people who are also journal publishers that are afraid of our strength in journal publication. These people are based in USA and Canada. They have access to our webhost, they just contact them and our site is suspended. However, our previous webhost suggested we look for a bigger webhost to host our site because the pressure is too much on them and they promise to transfer the domain interesjournals.org to our new webhost within the next seven days. The transfer is currently ongoing. All of our contents are still intact.
In our effort to serve you better, so that our clients will not be worried, our new webhost suggested we should use this new website: interesjournal.org pending the transfer of the previous site.
Therefore, all of our contents and papers are now located in interesjournal.org. Therein, you will find your published and incoming papers. We do apologize for the inconveniences.
Thanks for your understanding and cooperation.
Kind Regards,
Ame Obobaifo,
Editorial Assistant,
NB: All contacts and correspondences should be forwarded to support.eduresearch@gmail.com
This may open up a new method of shutting down predatory publishers — complaining to their ISPs about the UCE (unsolicited commercial email) they send out. Perhaps we’ll give this a try.
Open Access Alcohol
OA Alcohol is the title of one of 140 new medical-science journals launched recently by the brand-new predatory publisher called OA Publishing London. While we love the idea of free drinks, we are frightened by the appearance of this sloppy new publisher.If this new enterprise is being run by surgeons, we would not let them cut on us. The website is filled with careless mistakes including spelling errors, word choice errors, grammatical errors, dead links, broken image links, and more. The fleet of journals includes two that the publisher claims were transferred from BioMed Central: Head & Neck Oncology and Hard Tissue. BMC states regarding Head & Neck Oncology that,
Whilst conducting an internal audit, BioMed Central has discovered a number of apparent major irregularities in the journal Head & Neck Oncology. In order to maintain the integrity of the BioMed Central portfolio of journals, we have taken the decision to close the journal with immediate effect and are currently conducting a detailed investigation.
It appears that something dramatic has taken place, but we are unable to determine what it was. Did the editors defect from BMC and bring their journal with them? What did they do to spur BMC’s investigation? We also observe that several of the journal’s editors have had an unusually high number of articles published in it. One, Mr. Tahwinder Upile, has had over fifty articles published in the journal in the past four years.
We can find no evidence that BMC ever had a journal entitled Hard Tissue, so it’s possible that this new publisher is not being completely honest. The publisher has a range of article processing charges (APCs) for its journals. The website states the range is from “£100/€125/$162 to £750/€925/$1200.” Only a very few of the journals currently contain any content.
We are suspicious of any new OA startup that begins with 140 new journals and are concerned about the murky circumstances surrounding the transfer of the BMC journals to this new publisher. The sloppy condition of the site supports our suspicion that those behind this venture lack the ability to move it forward successfully and ethically.
We think this new publisher is really just out separate authors from their money, and we recommend against submitting manuscripts to the publisher or serving on any of its editorial boards.
Appendix: List of OA Publishing London Journals as of 2012-11-12
- Hard Tissue
- Head and Neck Oncology
- OA Alcohol
- OA Alternative Medicine
- OA Anaesthetics
- OA Anatomy
- OA Applied Physiology
- OA Arthritis
- OA Autism
- OA Autoimmune
- OA Behavioural Medicine
- OA Biochemistry
- OA Bioinformatics
- OA Biology
- OA Biotechnology
- OA Blood Transfusion
- OA Bone Marrow
- OA Breast Disease
- OA Cancer
- OA Cardiology
- OA Case Reports
- OA Cell and Tissue
- OA Clinical Pathology
- OA Clinical Pharmacology
- OA Clinical Trials
- OA Conservative Dentistry
- OA Critical Care
- OA Dental Implantology
- OA Dentistry
- OA Dermatology
- OA Diabetes
- OA Drug Design and Delivery
- OA Elderly Medicine
- OA Embryology
- OA Emergency Medicine
- OA Endocrinology
- OA Endodontology
- OA Endoscopic Surgery
- OA Epidemiology
- OA Evidence-Based Medicine
- OA Experimental Medicine
- OA Family Medicine
- OA Forensic Medicine
- OA Gastroenterology
- OA Genetics
- OA Gynaecology
- OA Haematology
- OA Hand
- OA Hepatology
- OA Immunodeficiency
- OA Immunology
- OA Infectious Diseases
- OA Inflammation
- OA Integrative Medicine
- OA Interventional Radiology
- OA Lasers
- OA Leukaemia
- OA Lymphoma
- OA Medical Education
- OA Medical Ethics and Law
- OA Medical Hypothesis
- OA Medical Leadership
- OA Medical Physics
- OA Medical Simulation
- OA Medical Statistics
- OA Medicine
- OA Metabolic Disease
- OA Microbiology
- OA Minimally Invasive Surgery
- OA Molecular and Cell Biology
- OA Molecular Oncology
- OA Musculoskeletal Medicine
- OA Nano-Bio-Technology
- OA Nephrology
- OA Neuro-Oncology
- OA Neuroradiology
- OA Neurosciences
- OA Neurosurgery
- OA Nuclear Medicine
- OA Nutrition & Dietetics
- OA Obesity & Bariatric Medicine
- OA Obstetrics
- OA Ophthalmology
- OA Optical Diagnostics
- OA Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- OA Oral Medicine
- OA Orthodontics
- OA Orthopaedics
- OA Osteoporosis
- OA Otolaryngology
- OA Paediatric Dentistry
- OA Paediatric Medicine
- OA Paediatric Surgery
- OA Pain Medicine
- OA Palliative Care
- OA Parasitology
- OA Pathology
- OA Periodontology
- OA Perioperative Medicine
- OA Pharmacology
- OA Photodynamic Applications
- OA Plastic Surgery
- OA Prosthetic Dentistry
- OA Proteomics
- OA Psychiatry
- OA Psychology
- OA Public Health
- OA Quality of Life
- OA Radiological Imaging
- OA Rehabilitation Medicine
- OA Reproductive Medicine
- OA Respiratory Medicine
- OA Rheumatology
- OA Robotic Surgery
- OA Sarcoma
- OA Sexually Transmitted Infections
- OA Spine
- OA Sports Medicine
- OA Stem Cells
- OA Stroke
- OA Substance Abuse
- OA Surgery
- OA Surgical Oncology
- OA Surgical Techniques
- OA Systematic Reviews
- OA Thoracic Surgery
- OA Thyroid
- OA Tissue Engineering
- OA Tobacco
- OA Toxicology
- OA Translational Research
- OA Transplant Surgery
- OA Trauma
- OA Tuberculosis
- OA Undergraduate Medicine
- OA Uro-Oncology
- OA Urology
- OA Vascular Surgery
- OA Veterinary Medicine
- OA Virology
Large New OA Publisher Launches with 85 Journals
A brand-new open-access publisher has just appeared: Science and Education Publishing (SciEP). The publisher is launching with 85 new journals, the second large launch I’ve seen in a single week (OA Publishing London recently launched with 138 brand new journals).
This practice of starting a publisher with an excessive number of journals is called a “fleet startup.”
One interesting thing about SciEP is that the company does not reveal where it is from. Their “Contact us” page does not give any hint of a location. The location element of their domain-name registration is covered by a proxy. [Update Nov. 29, 2012: The contact us page now lists this address: 10 Cheswold Blvd., #1D, Newark, De, 19713, United States, which is a small apartment].
Predatory publishers often hide their true location when they think it will be a turnoff to potential authors.
A “call for papers” spam email the company is sending out says “Science and Education Publishing, USA,” indicating — probably falsely — that the publisher is U.S.-based.
I looked at the publisher’s inept Facebook page, which is set up as a person (rather than an organization) under the name Giovanni Sciepub. Could it be from Italy?
The spam email is signed “David Rain,” but this is a common name, and I cannot find anyone in the scholarly publishing industry with that name. A Google Scholar search on the name yields no usable clues. It’s probably a contrived name.
The email indicates that they are now accepting submissions, even though none of its journals has an editorial board yet — the editorial board pages are all blank. Submissions are free through the end of 2012 and they plan to release their first journal issues in February, 2013.
Because of its lack of transparency and probably use of a fake name, I strongly recommend against serving on any of this publisher’s editorial boards and against submitting a manuscript to any of its journals.
Hat tip: Lynne Fox, Charlie Greenberg
Appendix: List of journals published by Science and Education Publishing:
- American Journal of Public Health Research
- American Journal of Medical Sciences and Medicine
- American Journal of Pharmacological Sciences
- American Journal of Medicine Studies
- American Journal of Food and Nutrition
- American Journal of Epidemiology and Infectious Disease
- American Journal of Medical and Biological Research
- American Journal of Clinical Medicine Research
- American Journal of Nursing Research
- American Journal of Hypertension Research
- American Journal of Cardiovascular Disease Research
- American Journal of Sports Science and Medicine
- American Journal of Cancer Prevention
- American Journal of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology
- American Journal of Biomedical Research
- American Journal of Microbiological Research
- American Journal of Zoological Research
- American Journal of Applied Psychology
- American Journal of Educational Research
- American Journal of Rural Development
- American Journal of Modeling and Optimization
- American Journal of Numerical Analysis
- American Journal of Applied Mathematics and Statistics
- Applied Mathematics and Physics
- American Journal of Mathematical Analysis
- American Journal of Mechanical Engineering
- American Journal of Industrial Engineering
- American Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture
- American Journal of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Automatic Control and Information Sciences
- American Journal of Energy Research
- American Journal of Sensor Technology
- American Journal of Vehicle Design
- American Journal of Materials Science and Engineering
- American Journal of Nanomaterials
- American Journal of Materials Engineering and Technology
- American Journal of Mining and Metallurgy
- American Journal of Information Systems
- American Journal of Software Engineering
- American Journal of Systems and Software
- Applied Ecology and Environmental Sciences
- American Journal of Environmental Protection
- American Journal of Marine Science
- American Journal of Water Resources
- American Journal of Food Science and Technology
- Biomedicine and Biotechnology
- Biomedical Science and Engineering
- Chemical Engineering and Science
- International Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- International Journal of Physics
- Information Security and Computer Fraud
- Journal of Surgery
- Journal of Preventive Medicine
- Journal of Nutrition and Health
- Journal of Cancer Research and Treatment
- Journal of Biomedical Engineering and Technology
- Journal of Mathematical Sciences and Applications
- Journal of Ocean Research
- Journal of Optoelectronics Engineering
- Journal of Embedded Systems
- Journal of Automation and Control
- Journal of Instrumentation Technology
- Journal of Materials Physics and Chemistry
- Journal of Business and Management Sciences
- Journal of Finance and Accounting
- Journal of Finance and Economics
- Journal of Computer Sciences and Applications
- Journal of Computer Networks
- Journal of Geosciences and Geomatics
- Journal of Atmospheric Pollution
- Journal of Aquatic Science
- Journal of Food and Nutrition Research
- Journal of Food Security
- Materials Science and Metallurgy Engineering
- Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Research
- Physics and Materials Chemistry
- Research in Psychology and Behavioral Sciences
- Renewable and Sustainable Energy
- Research in Plant Sciences
- World Journal Control Science and Engineering
- Wireless and Mobile Technologies
- World Journal of Analytical Chemistry
- World Journal of Organic Chemistry
- World Journal of Environmental Engineering
- World Journal of Agricultural Research
Criteria for Determining Predatory Open-Access Publishers (2nd edition)
In August 2012, I published the first edition of my Criteria for Determining Predatory Open-Access Publishers. I received many helpful comments and am now publishing a second edition of the work. I am especially grateful to Bill Cohen and Dr. Michael W. Firmin for their helpful suggestions. Also, thanks to all the those who left helpful comments or who sent in emails with suggestions. This document is also available as a PDF.
Criteria for Determining Predatory Open-Access Publishers
By Jeffrey Beall
2nd edition / December 1, 2012
1. Complete an analysis of the publisher’s content, practices, and websites according to ethical standards established by membership organizations.
A. Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association (OASPA) Code of Conduct
B. Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) Code of Conduct for Journal Publishers [PDF]
C. International Association of Scientific, Technical & Medical Publishers (STM) Code of Conduct
2. Complete an analysis of the publisher’s content, practices, and websites: contact the publisher if necessary, read statements from the publisher’s authors about their experiences with the publisher, and determine whether the publisher commits any of the following practices (below) that are known to be committed by predatory publishers.
n.b. Some journals publish independently of any publisher, but in most cases, we evaluate journals that are part of a publisher’s fleet. The practices described below are meant to apply both to independent journals and to publishers with multiple journals in their portfolios.
Editor and Staff
- The publisher’s owner is identified as the editor of all the journals published by the organization.
- No single individual is identified as the journal’s editor.
- The journal does not identify a formal editorial / review board.
- No academic information is provided regarding the editor, editorial staff, and/or review board members (e.g., institutional affiliation).
- Evident data exist showing that the editor and/or review board members do not possess academic expertise to reasonably qualify them to be publication gatekeepers in the journal’s field.
- Two or more journals have duplicate editorial boards (i.e., same editorial board for more than one journal).
- The journals have an insufficient number of board members, have concocted editorial boards (made up names), include scholars on an editorial board without their knowledge or permission, have board members who are prominent researchers but exempt them from any contributions to the journal except the use of their names and/or photographs.
Business Management
The publisher…
- Demonstrates a lack of transparency in publishing operations.
- Has no policies or practices for digital preservation.
- Depends on author fees as the sole and only means of operation with no alternative, long-term business plan for sustaining the journal through augmented income sources.
- Begins operations with a large fleet of journals, often using a template to quickly create each journal’s home page.
- Provides insufficient information or hides information about author fees, offering to publish an author’s paper and later sending a previously-undisclosed invoice.
Integrity
- The name of a journal is incongruent with the journal’s mission.
- The name of a journal does not adequately reflect its origin (e.g., a journal with the word “Canadian” or “Swiss” in its name that has no meaningful relationship to Canada or Switzerland).
- The journal falsely claims to have an impact factor, or uses some made up measure (e.g. view factor), feigning international standing.
- The publisher sends spam requests for peer reviews to scholars unqualified to review submitted manuscripts.
- The publisher falsely claims to have its content indexed in legitimate abstracting and indexing services or claims that its content is indexed in resources that are not abstracting and indexing services
- The publisher dedicates insufficient resources to preventing and eliminating author misconduct, to the extent that the journal or journals suffer from repeated cases of plagiarism, self-plagiarism, image manipulation, and the like.
- The publisher asks the corresponding author for suggested reviewers and the publisher subsequently uses the suggested reviewers without sufficiently vetting their qualifications or authenticity. (This protocol also may allow authors to create faux online identities in order to review their own papers).
Other
A predatory publisher may ...
- Publish papers already published in other venues/outlets without providing appropriate credits
- Use language claiming to be a “leading publisher” even though the publisher may only be a startup or a novice organization.
- Operate in a Western country chiefly for the purpose of functioning as a vanity press for scholars in a developing country.
- Do minimal or no copyediting.
- Publish papers that are not academic at all, e.g. essays by laypeople or
obvious pseudo-science. - Have a “contact us” page that only includes a web form, and the publisher hides or does not reveal its location
The following practices are considered to be reflective of poor journal standards and, while they do not equal predatory criteria, potential authors should give due consideration to these items prior to manuscript submissions:
- The publisher copies “authors guidelines” verbatim (or with minor editing) from other publishers.
- The publisher lists insufficient contact information, including contact information that does not clearly state the headquarters location or misrepresents the headquarters location (e.g., through the use of addresses that are actually mail drops).
- The publisher publishes journals that are excessively broad (e.g., Journal of Education) in order to attract more articles and gain more revenue from author fees.
- The publisher publishes journals that combine two or more fields not normally treated together (e.g., International Journal of Business, Humanities and Technology).
- The publisher requires transfer of copyright and retains copyright on journal content. Or the publisher requires the copyright transfer upon submission of manuscript.
- The publisher has poorly maintained websites, including dead links, prominent misspellings and grammatical errors on the website.
- The publisher makes unauthorized use of licensed images on their website, taken from the open web, without permission or licensing from the copyright owners.
- The publisher engages in excessive use of spam email to solicit manuscripts or editorial board memberships
- The publishers’ officers use email addresses that end in .gmail.com, yahoo.com some other free email supplier
- The publisher fails to state licensing policy information on articles or shows lack of understanding of well-known OA journal article licensing standards.
- The publisher lacks a published article retraction policy or retracts articles without a formal statement; also the publisher does not publish corrections or clarifications and does not have a policy for these issues.
- The publisher does not use ISSN numbers, DOI numbers or uses them improperly.
- For the name of the publisher, the publisher uses names such as “Network,” “Center,” “Association,” “Institute,” and the like when it is only a publisher and does not meet the definition of the term used.
- The publisher has excessive advertising on its site to the extent that it interferes with site navigation and content access.
- The publisher has no membership in industry associations and/or intentionally fails to follow industry standards.
- The publisher includes links to legitimate conferences and associations on its main website, as if to borrow from other organizations’ legitimacy, and emblazon the new publisher with the others’ legacy value.
- The publisher displays prominent statements that promise rapid publication and/or unusually quick peer review.
- The publisher focuses on authors (not readers) and on getting their fees at the expense of due quality, and offers few or no value adds to readers such as RSS feeds, hotlinked references, or the like.
- The publisher creates a publishing operation that is set up and run by a single individual who engages in rapacious entrepreneurial behavior. The individual might have business administration experience, and the site may have business journals but it also has journals that are outside the experience of the entrepreneur or anyone on staff.
- The publisher or its journals are not listed in standard periodical directories or are not widely cataloged in library databases.
- The publisher copies or egregiously mimics journal titles from other publishers.
- The publisher uses text on the publisher’s main page that describes the open access movement and then foists the publisher as if the publisher is active in fulfilling the movement’s values and goals.
- None of the members of a particular journal’s editorial board have ever published an article in the journal.